A novel biphenyl tetrahydroindazole-type fluorescent probe for the detection of hydrazine and its applications in food detection, environmental analysis and biological imaging.
Shuo Zhang, Jixiang Tian, Shuai Gong, Zhiyuan Meng, Yueyin Liang, Yue Gu +3 more
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
Abstract
Hydrazine (N2H4) is one of significant chemicals widely applied in many fields including medicines, pesticides, and military area. Nevertheless, N2H4 also poses serious threats to ecosystems and human health due to its toxicity and carcinogenicity. Consequently, to monitor N2H4 levels is critical for environmental and biological safety. In this paper, a novel nopinone-based biphenyl tetrahydroindazole-type fluorescent probe TOPIB-PAN was developed for highly sensitive detection of N2H4. Comprehensive evaluation revealed that probe TOPIB-PAN exhibited exceptional performance including an ultra-low detection limit (74.5 nM), broad pH tolerance (3-11), and remarkable photostability (>1800 min). This probe was successfully applied to detect N2H4 in various matrices including food, water, and soil environments. Furthermore, probe TOPIB-PAN showed excellent applicability for fluorescence imaging of N2H4 in live HeLa cells, zebrafish, and onion epidermal cells. Practical applications were extended through the development of portable detection tools utilizing TOPIB-PAN-coated swabs and filter papers.