Application of nanoscience and technology for increasing the shelf life of seeds and fruits of horticulture crops

Abstract

The use of nanoscience and technology in horticulture has attracted significant attention due to its potential to enhance the shelf life of seeds and fruits. Nanotechnology-based methods, such as nanocoatings, nanoencapsulation, nanoemulsions and nano-packaging, have shown promising results in preserving the freshness of fruits and seeds by minimizing microbial contamination, reducing post-harvest losses and improving seed viability. Nanomaterials such as silver nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, chitosan and carbon-based nanostructures exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant and controlled-release properties, which contribute to extending the storage periods. This review examines the recent advancements in nanotechnology for post-harvest preservation, emphasizing the mechanisms, bene