Natural polyphenols for sustainable active, smart, and intelligent food packaging: a structured narrative review

Abstract

Food packaging offers essential food safety to the consumers. Conventional plastic-based food packaging offers only ordinary physical protection and may sometimes accelerate plastic pollution. Approximately one-third of all packaged foods are known to spoil in the supply chain mainly because of ordinary food packaging. Active, smart, intelligent, and nanocomposite food packaging measures offer many advantages over conventional food packing to retain quality while ensuring extended shelf-life. Natural fruits, vegetables, and tea are abundant source of polyphenols. Notably, recent trends in research demonstrate the utilization of natural polyphenols sourced from food-waste materials for sustainable use in active/smart/intelligent/nanocomposite food packaging. In this narrative review, we exp