Digestion of Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerol and <i>sn</i>-2 Palmitate in Infant Formula: A Study Based on Dynamic In Vitro Simulation of Infant Gastrointestinal Lipolysis

Abstract

In this study, lipolysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in infant formula (IF) composed of different oils and supplied with different structured TAGs, including medium- and long-chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) and <i>sn</i>-2 palmitate, was studied using a dynamic digestion model simulating the infant gastrointestinal tract. The molecular species of digestion products released during digestion, including diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols (MAGs), and free fatty acids, as well as undigested TAGs, were identified and quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We observed clearly different lipolysis degrees (LDs), with diversity in digestion products of different IFs. IFs supplied with MLCT showed moderate medium-chain fatty acid release during gastric digestion and higher LD after intestinal digestion. The presence of <i>sn</i>-2 palmitate in IF was associated with higher content of MAG-16:0 in digestion products. The species and contents of digestion products in IF were highly influenced by structured TAGs.