Extraction and Stabilization of Betalains from Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) Wastes Using Deep Eutectic Solvents
Omar Alberto Hernández-Aguirre, Claudia Muro, Evelyn Hernández-Acosta, Yolanda Alvarado, María del Carmen Díaz-Nava
Molecules
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) using magnesium chloride hexahydrate [MgCl<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O] and urea [U] proportions (1:1) and (2:1), were prepared for their use as extracting and stabilizer agents for red and violet betalains from beetroot (<i>Beta vulgaris</i>) waste. The synthetized DES [MgCl<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O] [U] showed similar properties to eutectic mixtures, such as, liquid phase, low melting points and conductivity, thermal stability, and variable viscosity. In turn, betalain DES extracts (2:1) exhibited compatibility in the extraction and recovery of betalains from beetroot wastes, showing a betalain content comparable to that of betalain extracts. Betalain stability was determined by degradation tests; the exposure conditions were visible light (12 h), molecular oxygen from atmospheric air and environmental temperature (20-27 °C) for 40 days. The kinetic curves of the betalain degradation of water samples depicted a first-order model, indicating the alteration of a violet colouration of betalains from beetroot waste for 5-7 days. However, betalains from DES extracts were kept under visible light for 150 days, and for 340 days in storage (amber vessels), achieving a stability of 75% in comparison with initial beet extracts.
Extracted Claims
2 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
betalains stabilized by deep eutectic solvents (DES) using magnesium chloride hexahydrate [MgCl<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O] and urea [U] proportions (2:1)
“betalains from DES extracts were kept under visible light for 150 days, and for 340 days in storage (amber vessels), achieving a stability of 75% in comparison with initial beet extracts.”
betalains degraded by visible light, molecular oxygen, and environmental temperature (20-27 °C)
“The kinetic curves of the betalain degradation of water samples depicted a first-order model, indicating the alteration of a violet colouration of betalains from beetroot waste for 5-7 days.”