Antimicrobial Activity of Annatto (Bixa orellana) Extract
O.N. Irobi, Murray Moo‐Young, William A. Anderson
International Journal of Pharmacognosy
Abstract
An organic extract of Annatto (Bixa orellana) leaves obtained in 95% ethanol was examined for in vitro antifungal and antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion and tube dilution methods. The extract (5 mg/ml) produced antimicrobial action in agar diffusion assays against standard strains of Gram-positive bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus faecalis while exerting only slight action against Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Candida utilis, and Aspergillus niger. The zones of inhibition obtained against the susceptible bacteria were 15-17 mm while those obtained in assays with Chloramphenicol and phenol positive controls were 12-18 mm and 10-28 mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was 4-16 mg/ml while its bactericidal action (MBC) was exerted at higher doses (16-64 mg/ml). The extract therefore, appears to possess a narrow spectrum of antimicrobial activity, being effective against only the Gram-positive bacteria used in our study.
Extracted Claims
3 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
Annatto extract exerts bactericidal action
“The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was 4-16 mg/ml while its bactericidal action (MBC) was exerted at higher doses (16-64 mg/ml).”
Annatto extract produces antimicrobial action
“The extract (5 mg/ml) produced antimicrobial action in agar diffusion assays against standard strains of Gram-positive bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus fa...”
Annatto extract has narrow spectrum of antimicrobial activity
“The extract therefore, appears to possess a narrow spectrum of antimicrobial activity, being effective against only the Gram-positive bacteria used in our study.”