Structural Determination and Daily Variations of Porcine Milk Oligosaccharides
Nannan Tao, Karen L. Ochonicky, J. Bruce German, Sharon M. Donovan, Carlito B. Lebrilla
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Abstract
Free milk oligosaccharides (OS) are major components of mammalian milk. Swine are important agricultural species and biomedical models. Despite their importance, little is known of the OS profile of porcine milk. Herein, the porcine milk glycome was elucidated and monitored over the entire lactation period by liquid chromatography profiling and structural determination with mass spectrometry. Milk was collected from second-parity sows (n = 3) at farrowing and on days 1, 4, 7, and 24 of lactation. Twenty-nine distinct porcine milk oligosaccharides (pMO) were identified. The pMO are highly sialylated, which is more similar to bovine milk than human milk OS. Six fucosylated pMO were detected at low levels in porcine milk, making it more similar to human milk than bovine milk. In general, the pMO content was highest in milk collected at farrowing and day 1 of lactation, decreased during early lactation, but then rose at day 24; however, the pMO displayed different patterns of variation across lactation. In summary, porcine milk contains both acidic (sialylated) and neutral OS, but sialic acid containing OS predominate throughout lactation.
Extracted Claims
3 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
porcine milk oligosaccharides contain sialic acid
“porcine milk contains both acidic (sialylated) and neutral OS, but sialic acid containing OS predominate throughout lactation.”
porcine milk oligosaccharides are present at farrowing and day 1 of lactation
“In general, the pMO content was highest in milk collected at farrowing and day 1 of lactation, decreased during early lactation, but then rose at day 24.”
porcine milk oligosaccharides are highly sialylated
“The pMO are highly sialylated, which is more similar to bovine milk than human milk OS.”