Formation of Mutagens in Beef and Beef Extract During Cooking
Barry Commoner, Antony J. Vithayathil, Piero Dolara, Subhadra Nair, Prema Madyastha, Gregory C. Cuca
Science
Abstract
Mutagens, distinguishable from benzo[a]pyrene and from mutagenic amino acid and protein pyrolysis products, are formed when ground beef is cooked in a home hamburger cooking appliance or when beef stock is concentrated, by boiling, to a paste known commercially as beef extract. "Well-done" hamburgers contain about 0.14 part per million of the mutagens, and beef bouillon cubes which contain beef extract about 0.1 part per million. Since such mutagens may be potentially carcionogenic and are formed during ordinary cooking procedures, their occurrence raises questions about possible risks to human health.
Extracted Claims
4 claims extracted from this paper into the knowledge graph
beef bouillon cubes contain 0.1 part per million of mutagens
“beef bouillon cubes which contain beef extract about 0.1 part per million”
cooking forms mutagens in beef
“Mutagens, distinguishable from benzo[a]pyrene and from mutagenic amino acid and protein pyrolysis products, are formed when ground beef is cooked in a home hamburger cooking appliance”
concentration by boiling forms mutagens in beef extract
“Mutagens, distinguishable from benzo[a]pyrene and from mutagenic amino acid and protein pyrolysis products, are formed when beef stock is concentrated, by boiling, to a paste known commercially as bee...”