Evening primrose

“Feeding the OO, EPO or MO diets significantly suppressed proliferation of mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes compared with feeding the LF, HCO or SO diets.”

olive oil, evening primrose oil, or menhaden (fish) oil diets → significantly suppress → mesenteric lymph node lymphocyte proliferation

“Under these conditions, the rapeseed oil and evening primrose oil shortened the survival time by approximately 40% as compared with n-3 fatty acid-rich perilla and fish oil.”

rapeseed oil and evening primrose oil → shorten → survival time by approximately 40%

“Compared to the Placebo group (29%), the group receiving the mixture of evening primrose oil and fish oil containing Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) had a significantly lower incidence of edema (13%, p = 0.004).”

evening primrose oil and fish oil → reduces → incidence of edema

“The 50% inhibition of enzymes activity showed that aminopeptidase N (APN) was the enzyme affected to the greatest extent with IC50 at the level of 2.8 microg/mL and 2.9 microg/mL for aqueous and 30% isopropanolic extracts, respectively.”

defatted evening primrose seed extracts → inhibit → aminopeptidase N (APN)

“The activity of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) was quite strongly inhibited by the extracts as well.”

defatted evening primrose seed extracts → inhibit → neutral endopeptidase (NEP)