What You Need to Know
During heating, the fat melts and water vaporizes around 100–110 °C. Milk solids undergo caramelization and Maillard reactions, breaking down lactose and proteins into volatile flavor compounds. The resulting fat is nearly water‑free, with a high smoke point and extended shelf‑life.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Melting of milk fat and evaporation of water followed by caramelization of milk solids and Maillard reactions at higher temperatures