What You Need to Know
The process involves primary drying (sublimation) at low pressure (0.1–1 kPa) and sub‑zero temperatures (–20 °C to –40 °C), followed by secondary drying at 20–40 °C for 4–24 h to remove bound water. This preserves cellular structure, nutrients, and sensory attributes while preventing enzymatic and microbial degradation.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Sublimation of ice to water vapor