What You Need to Know
The process relies on the greenhouse effect: infrared radiation is trapped inside the insulated cavity while reflected visible light heats the food. Heat transfer causes protein denaturation, starch gelatinization, and Maillard reactions, producing characteristic flavors and textures.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Heat-induced denaturation of proteins and gelatinization of starches, accompanied by Maillard and caramelization reactions