What You Need to Know
Lacto-fermentation relies on lactic acid bacteria converting sugars into lactic acid, lowering pH to 4.0–4.5, while vinegar-based pickling introduces acetic acid at 5–10 % to achieve pH 3.5–4.0, both inhibiting spoilage organisms.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Fermentation of sugars to lactic acid (lactic acid fermentation) and acidification by acetic acid addition