What You Need to Know
Rapid immersion in liquid nitrogen at −196 °C causes surface water to vitrify, preventing ice crystal growth that would otherwise damage protein structure. The extreme temperature drop also halts enzymatic activity, preserving texture and flavor. Precise timing (5–10 s) is critical to avoid thermal shock and maintain a crisp, glassy appearance.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Vitrification of surface water and rapid protein stabilization