What You Need to Know
The nixtamalization step at 80–90 °C activates endogenous amylases that hydrolyze corn starch into fermentable sugars. During the 3–5 day fermentation at 20–25 °C, Saccharomyces cerevisiae converts sugars to ethanol while Lactobacillus plantarum produces lactic acid, lowering the pH to ~4.5 and contributing to flavor and preservation.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Starch → Glucose → Ethanol + CO₂ + Lactic Acid