What You Need to Know
During fermentation, amylases hydrolyze starch into fermentable sugars, which lactic‑acid bacteria convert to lactic acid and yeasts produce ethanol and CO₂. Acetic acid is also generated, lowering the pH to 4.5–5.0 and imparting a characteristic sourness while preserving the dough.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Starch hydrolysis and fermentation to lactic acid, ethanol, acetic acid, and CO₂