What You Need to Know
During fermentation, lactic acid bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus plantarum) convert sugars to lactic acid, lowering pH to 4.5–5.0 and inhibiting spoilage organisms. Concurrently, yeasts produce ethanol, contributing to aroma and mouthfeel. The combined acidification and alcohol production create a stable, flavorful matrix that resists aerobic spoilage.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Anaerobic lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation by LAB and yeasts