What You Need to Know
During proofing yeast metabolizes fermentable sugars to CO₂ and ethanol, while lactic acid bacteria lower the pH, strengthening gluten and enhancing flavor. The process is highly temperature- and humidity-dependent, with precise timing critical to achieving optimal crumb structure and oven spring.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Yeast fermentation of sugars to CO₂ and ethanol; lactic acid bacteria produce lactic acid lowering pH