What You Need to Know
The gelation mechanism involves the formation of agarose double helices that intertwine into a three‑dimensional network. Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces stabilize the structure, allowing the gel to remain solid at sub‑freezing temperatures. The process is reversible upon reheating above the melting point (~85 °C).
The Science
Primary Reaction
Gelation of agarose via double‑helix formation and network trapping of water