What You Need to Know
During extrusion, the high temperature (120–200 °C) denatures the protein, while the mechanical shear aligns the chains. The controlled moisture (15–25 %) promotes unfolding without excessive plasticization, and the shear induces Maillard reactions and disulfide bond formation, creating a network that yields a crisp, fibrous product.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Protein denaturation, unfolding, alignment, Maillard reaction, disulfide bond formation