What You Need to Know
Phenolic constituents such as guaiacol and cresols penetrate the protein matrix, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting spoilage microorganisms. Simultaneously, the mild heat initiates Maillard reactions between milk proteins and lactose, generating melanoidins that deepen the cheese color and contribute smoky, nutty flavor notes.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Phenolic smoke penetration and Maillard browning