What You Need to Know
The process initiates Maillard reactions between reducing sugars and amino acids, producing melanoidins that give the characteristic brown color and toasted aroma. Rapid moisture loss (~10–15 % weight loss) during the first few minutes creates a crisp exterior, while the interior remains moist. If temperatures exceed 280 °C or cooking time extends beyond 12 min, pyrolysis generates acrylamide and bitter off‑flavors.
The Science
Primary Reaction
Maillard reaction