What You Need to Know
During fermentation, lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides convert lactose into lactic acid, lowering the pH from ~6.5 to 4.0‑4.2. The high whey‑protein content accelerates acidification and curd formation, while minor alcoholic fermentation by yeasts generates trace ethanol and CO₂, contributing to the beverage’s mild sourness and effervescence.
The Science
Primary Reaction
lactic acid fermentation of lactose